Abstract: Lithium is one of the important rare metals, which plays an important role in the emerging industrial fields. Comparing lithium extraction from hard rock lithium ore and brine, there are four main methods for lithium extraction from hard rock lithium ore: sulfuric acid method, lime sintering method, sulfate sintering method and chlorination roasting method. There are two main methods for lithium extraction from brine: salt field enrichment method and direct separation method. With the development of lithium extraction technology, more lithium resources have been efficiently utilized, which has important practical significance.