Abstract: Rare earths are an important strategic resources, which are the key elements of the development of high-tech industry in the world, and its role in the development of global industrial economy is becoming increasingly important. In this paper, the status and progress of separation and extraction technology of mixed rare earth ore, bastnaesite ore, ion-adsorption type rare earth ore and deep sea rare earth are reviewed. The development trend of rare earth resource extraction technology is introduced. The development of efficient, low-cost and practical green extraction and separation technology is still the trend of rare earth resource extraction and separation technology.