Abstract: Coal gangue is one of the largest mine solid wastes in China, and its discharge and stockpiling have caused resource waste, environmental pollution and other problems. Starting from the resource characteristics of coal gangue, this paper systematically discusses the ways and research status of coal gangue resource utilization, mainly including: extracting and recovering useful components such as coal, silicon, aluminum, and titanium in coal gangue; preparing waste water treated photocatalysts, adsorbents and zeolite molecular sieves; instead of clay minerals to produce concrete, cement, bricks and other building materials; modifying soil, and preparing seedling substrates and fertilizers, etc.; as a filling material for goaf backfilling, roadbed filling, reclamation of subsided areas in coal mines, etc.; power generation and paper preparation, etc. The utilization of coal gangue resources in our country has just started, and the overall utilization rate has not reached the ideal level. Therefore, the research on the utilization of coal gangue resources should be focused on regional differences, batch recycling and secondary pollution. By summarizing and sorting out the latest research status of the current comprehensive utilization of coal gangue, it is beneficial to systematically understand the advantages and disadvantages of the utilization of coal gangue resources, so as to provide a certain reference for the comprehensive utilization of coal gangue.