Abstract: The adsorption behavior of surfactants on the rock and oil/water interface and its influence on the properties of the rock surface and the oil/water interface are the key issues in producing low permeability reservoirs of imbibition enhanced oil displacement technology in low permeability reservoirs. In this paper, molecular dynamics simulation methods are used to study the octadecyl dimethyl hydroxypropyl sultaine (OHSB), polyoxyethylene octyl phenol ether-10 (OP-10), Gemini surfactant (12-4-12), sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS), and rhamnolipid (RH-2DA), five types of surfactants adsorption behavior of on the quartz (101) surface and the oil/water interface. The study results show that among the five surfactants, the electrostatic attraction between the Gemini surfactant12-4-12 and the negatively charged quartz surface is the strongest, and the electrostatic repulsion between the SDBS and the quartz surface is the strongest. 12-4-12 and RH-2DA can spontaneously adsorb on the quartz surface and reduce the wettability of the quartz surface. The adsorption energy of five surfactants on the quartz surface from small to large is 12-4-12 < RH-2DA < OHSB < OP -10 < SDBS. All five surfactants can be adsorbed on the surface of the oil phase spontaneously, and the order of adsorption strength on the surface of the oil phase is OP-10 > RH-2DA > OHSB > 12-4-12 > SDBS. The adsorption of the five surfactants at the oil/water interface can all enhance the oil/water interface's stability.