Abstract:
Vulcanization flotation is a common flotation process for copper, lead and zinc oxidation ores. To achieve higher recovery rates, a few ions are used to strengthen the vulcanization process. The intensified sulfide flotation of copper, lead, and zinc oxide ores was reviewed, were discussed. The mechanisms of intensification by anionic and cationic species such as ammonium ions, lead ions, copper ions, zinc ions, fluoride ions, chloride ions, carbonate ions, and others. The article provides an overview of fundamental theoretical research on strengthening sulfidation and offers insights into future research directions, to contribute to the advancement of intensified sulfide flotation research for copper, lead, and zinc oxide ores.