Abstract: Chalcopyrite is the most abundant copper sulfide mineral and the primary source of copper refining. The chalcopyrite ores occurred under various geological processes show different characteristics of crystal structures and associated minerals, leading to diverse floatability of chalcopyrite. On the basis of summarizing the influence of mineral crystal structure, pulp pH, pulp potential, unavoidable ions and other factors on the floatability of chalcopyrite, this paper also expounded in detail the influence of co-associated minerals such as pyrite, sphalerite, galena and non-metallic gangue minerals. The research progress of chalcopyrite flotation collector was further described.