Abstract: With the increase in mining depth and scale of coal resources, rock burst has become a major dynamic disaster restricting the safe production of coal mines. This paper systematically reviews the research progress of rock burst in China in the fields of mechanism cognition, monitoring and early warning, and prevention and control technologies. Based on the distribution characteristics and typical cases of more than 150 rock burst mines in China, existing studies have revealed the multi − factor coupling disaster − causing mechanism of geological structures, mining − induced stress, coal and rock mass properties and multi − field environment. In terms of monitoring technology, existing achievements have constructed a "microseism − stress − electromagnetism" multi − parameter fusion early warning platform by comparing the efficiency differences of single technologies such as microseism, ground sound and electromagnetic radiation in shallow and deep mining, which has promoted the improvement of deep early warning accuracy. In the field of prevention and control technologies, a collaborative system of "mining optimization design − pressure relief and impact reduction − impact − resistant energy − absorbing support" has been formed. Through the whole − process management and control from avoiding risks at the source, actively releasing energy to passive buffer protection, the closed − loop prevention and control of rock burst "prevention − treatment − protection" is realized. In the engineering practice of typical mining areas such as Menkeqing Coal Mine, this system has shown significant effects, greatly reducing the energy level, energy and frequency of microseismic events. Future research needs to further overcome technical bottlenecks such as artificial intelligence − driven multi − source data fusion and active prevention and control under complex geological conditions, promote the construction of an "intelligent rock burst prevention" system, and provide support for the safe and efficient development of the coal industry.