Abstract: The content of fluid inclusions in quartz has a significant effect on the grade of quartz purification and the subsequent melting processing properties of quartz products. However, the traditional method of identifying quartz inclusions and qualitatively evaluating the content of fluid inclusions under artificial microscope has some defects in its efficiency and quantification accuracy. In this paper, the machine vision technology was used to segment and extract quartz particles from the micrographs of inclusions, and the self-developed quantitative calculation software of quartz fluid inclusions was used to carry out grayscale quantitative statistics on the characteristics of fluid inclusions inside quartz particles. In order to verify the reliability of the calculated results, this paper adopted the IOTA-STA standard sand as the reference sample and then established its sample data set. By the random sampling method, the sampling simulation condition for the stable existence of the reference standard value of the standard sample and the optimal number of image acquisition were obtained, and the calculation method for fluid inclusion index of the measured quartz sample was established. In addition, the fluid inclusion indexes of quartz samples from different sampling locations of pegmatite high-purity quartz LD-5 vein in the Eastern Qinling mountains of Henan Province were calculated. The results showed that the mean fluid inclusion index of LD-5 was 93.09,which was close to the Unimin standard sand and fluctuated slightly. Above all, this work provided useful reference and guidance for further optimization of prospecting target.