新疆阿尔泰地区某花岗伟晶岩型石英深度除杂技术研究

Study on Deep Impurity Removal Technology of a Granite Pegmatite-type High-purity Quartz in Altay Region of Xinjiang

  • 摘要: 高纯石英广泛应用于高科技领域,是半导体芯片、电光源、新能源等战略新兴产业的关键基础材料,是世界稀缺、我国短缺的战略资源。为解决高纯石英原料“卡脖子”难题,需要聚焦花岗伟晶岩石英找矿方向,攻关原料选择、深度除杂等核心技术,为推动战略新兴产业发展提供支撑。以新疆阿尔泰地区某花岗伟晶岩型石英为研究对象,采用重选—磁选—浮选—酸浸等工艺,对该样品进行了深度除杂研究。研究结果表明,首先通过重选除去大部分针铁矿、磷灰石、钙铝榴石及矿泥等,对重选中矿采用磁选除铁和浮选除去云母后,经一次长石粗选浮选,获得了产率为32.94%、钠长石矿物含量为97.44%、回收率为74.90%的高品质钠长石精矿,经一次长石扫选浮选,获得了产率为3.61%的超白长石石英粉,长石扫选尾矿再经一次石英精选,得到浮选精矿和石英次精矿两种产品,其中石英次精矿产率为5.59%、SiO2含量为99.61%、SiO2回收率为10.35%,其成分符合光伏玻璃用石英砂要求;浮选精矿采用煅烧—水淬—酸浸工艺,获得了产率为37.32%、SiO2含量为99.996%、石英回收率69.52%的中端高纯石英砂。通过该工艺,既回收了花岗伟晶岩伴生的钠长石资源,又使矿石中的石英得到梯级利用,不仅验证了高纯化评价流程的有效性和可靠性,也为在新疆阿尔泰地区勘查高纯石英资源指明了方向。

     

    Abstract: High-purity quartz is widely used in high-tech fields, and is a key basic material for strategic emerging industries such as semiconductor chips, electric light sources, new energy, etc. It is a strategic resource that is scarce in the world and in short supply in China. In order to solve the "neck" problem of high-purity quartz raw materials, we need to focus on the direction of granitic pegmatite quartz search, and tackle the core technologies of raw material selection and deep de-hybridization to provide support for the development of strategic emerging industries. A granitic pegmatitic quartz from the Altai region of Xinjiang was used as the object of study, and the sample was subjected to deep desmearing using the process of gravity separation -magnetic separation-flotation-acid leaching. The results showed that, firstly, most of the needle iron ore, apatite, calcium alumina garnet and mud were removed by gravity separation, and after magnetic separation to remove iron and flotation to remove mica for gravity separation of intermediate minerals, a high quality sodium feldspar concentrate with a yield of 32.94%, sodium feldspar mineral content of 97.44% and recovery of 74.90% was obtained after one primary feldspar roughing flotation, and a super white feldspar quartz powder with a yield of 3.61% was obtained by primary feldspar sweep flotation. The feldspar sweeping tailings was then selected by primary quartz selection to obtain two products: flotation concentrate and quartz secondary concentrate, among them, the quartz secondary concentrate had a yield of 5.59%, SiO2 content of 99.61% and SiO2 recovery of 10.35%, and its composition met the requirements of quartz sand for photovoltaic glass; using the process of calcination-water quenching-acid leaching, the middle-end high-purity quartz sand with yield of 37.32% , SiO2 content of 99.996% and quartz recovery of 69.52% was obtained from the flotation concentrate. Through this process, both the sodium feldspar resources associated with granite pegmatites were recovered and the quartz in the ore was utilized in a stepwise manner, which not only verified the validity and reliability of the high purity evaluation process, but also pointed out the direction for surveying high purity quartz resources in the Altai region of Xinjiang.

     

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