Abstract: The localization of China's high purity quartz resources for independent supply is imminent. Herein, this paper presents a field investigation and research of pegmatite-type high purity quartz in a key area of Altay, Xinjiang, China, based on a comprehensive comparison of the geological background, petrographic, mineralogical, and geochemical characteristics of typical high purity quartz deposits abroad. These deposits are hosted in the Aurora and Lower Cambrian Kanas Formation of the Junkul Ground Massif, and are of the muscovite pegmatite type, with quartz, potassium feldspar, plagioclase, muscovite, and biotite (to a lesser extent) as the major mineral assemblages. Microscopically, the grain size of the quartz varies from 0.3 to 4 mm, and some grains are embedded in the feldspar. Unfortunately, fluid inclusions within the quartz contain more impure particles, and these particles are predominantly faceted, smaller in size (mostly <10 μm), with the dominant type being liquid-rich gas-liquid two-phase. A technology of mineral fine flotation separation and impurity removal was then developed to achieve efficient separation of quartz minerals from other medium- and fine-grained vein minerals according to the above characteristics. Finally, a 4N8 grade high purity quartz sand (SiO₂=99.9983%) was successfully prepared, using the directional impurities removal technique which could further remove the intergranular and inclusions impurities of quartz minerals. This work points out the direction for the breakthrough of prospecting for pegmatite-type high purity quartz resources in China, and strongly supports the safe supply of key raw materials for China's strategic emerging industries.