江西宜春某锂云母精矿工艺矿物学与锂铷铯的提取研究

Process Mineralogy and Li, Rb and Cs Extraction of Lithium Mica Concentrate from Yichun, Jiangxi Province

    摘要
  • 摘要: 为查明江西宜春某锂云母精矿中Li、Rb、Cs的赋存状态，采用多元素分析、矿物参数定量分析、扫描电镜、激光剥蚀微区原位分析等多种方法，开展了详细的工艺矿物学研究。结果表明：锂云母精矿中Li2O、Rb2O、Cs2O品位分别为3.02%、1.01%、0.16%。主要组成矿物为锂云母和白云母，其次为钠长石、钾长石及石英。Li、Rb、Cs主要赋存于锂云母中，Li、Rb、Cs在云母中的分布率之和分别占99.99%、96.12%、97.67%。在元素赋存状态研究基础上，选冶实验通过“氯化焙烧—水浸—中和除杂—碳酸锂制备—萃取—反萃取—高纯氯化铷、铯制备”的联合工艺流程，Li、Rb、Cs的总回收率分别为71.24%、80.61%、84.33%。该工艺最大的优点是可同时回收三种有价金属，并得到副产品CaCO3，K、Na混合氯盐。

     

    Abstract: In order to determine the occurrence state of Li, Rb and Cs in lithium mica concentrate from Yichun in Jiangxi Province. the process mineralogy was studied by multi−element analysis, MLA analysis, SEM observation and LA−ICP−MS analysis. The results show that the grades of Li2O, Rb2O and Cs2O are 3.02%, 1.01% and 0.16% respectively. The minerals mainly consist of lithium mica, muscovite, potassium feldspar, albite and quartz. The Li, Rb and Cs mainly occur in lithium mica with the distribution rates accounting for 99.98%, 96.12% and 97.67%, respectively. Based on this study, the combined process of “chlorination roasting—water leaching—neutralization and impurity removal—preparation of lithium carbonate—extraction—back extraction—preparation of high purity rubidium chloride and cesium” was adopted, the total recoveries of Li, Rb and Cs were 71.24%, 80.61%, 84.33% respectively. At the same time, the by—products of calcium carbonate, potassium and sodium mixed with chlorine salt are obtained. The biggest advantage of this process is that three valuable metals can be recovered.

     

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