Abstract: The quality of hematite resources in China is not high. Its embedded particle size is fine, and a large number of iron−containing silicate gangue minerals with similar physical and chemical properties to iron minerals are associated. The excessive content of silica entering iron concentrate will not only reduce the utilization rate of blast furnace and increase the energy consumption of subsequent smelting, but also lead to the increase of the consumption of alkaline slagging solvent. Therefore, the separation of hematite and silicon−containing gangue is of great significance. Flotation is one of the main methods to remove silicon−containing gangue minerals. This paper reviews the research status of hematite desilication flotation in recent years, introduces the distribution of hematite resources, and summarizes the crystal and surface characteristics of hematite and its silicon−containing gangue minerals. This paper mainly summarizes the research progress of collectors and regulators in hematite desilication flotation, including the types and separation mechanism of collectors, depressants and activators. Meanwhile, it summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of various hematite reagents, and discusses the main research directions of hematite desilication reagents in the future, so as to provide reference for the desilication flotation of refractory hematite.