Abstract: Ion−adsorption type rare earth minerals is an important source of rare earths in China because of its complete distribution of rare earth elements and rich reserves. Under the background of developing green mines and "carbon peak and carbon neutrality", biological metallurgy is an important process for the treatment of low−grade minerals. Its application in in−situ leaching of ion−type rare earth minerals is of great significance for the environmentally friendly and efficient utilization of rare earth resources, and the selection and cultivation of microbial strains is the basis of process development. Three groups of microorganisms H−1, H−2 and H−3 were obtained by sampling and culture around the rare earth mining area, and their high−throughput sequencing and leaching experiments were conducted. The high−throughput sequencing results showed that Pseudomonas, Actinomyces, Acinetobacter, Exobacterium and Micrococcus accounted for a relatively high proportion of the microbial samples obtained, and COG function predicted their ability to leach rare earth elements. The three groups of microorganisms were used to carry out leaching experiments on ion−adsorption rare earth minerals, and it was found that each group of microorganisms had leaching effect on lanthanum, the leaching rate of La reached 61.42%. There was no obvious leaching effect on Ce and Y. H−1 and H−3 had certain leaching effect on neodymium. The leaching rate of Nd reached 61.42%, which proved the feasibility of its application in the bioleaching of ion−type rare earth minerals, and provided the bacteria foundation for the development of bio−in−situ mining technology of ion−adsorption rare earth minerals.