Abstract: In order to further expand the utilization of coal−based fischer−tropsch synthetic oil, develop green utilization technology with low energy consumption, low pollution, low emission and low cost, and empower carbon peaking and carbon neutralization in coal chemical industry, a new collector was prepared based on coal−based fischer−tropsch synthetic oil, and its application effect with traditional hydrocarbon oil in low−order slime flotation was investigated. The results showed that the blended coal−based fischer−tropsch synthetic oil could be used as collector for coal slime flotation, and under the condition of the same dosage, it could obtain better flotation index than traditional hydrocarbon oil collector. When the collector dosage was 50 g/t and kerosene was used as collector, the clean coal ash fraction was 9.01%, and the clean coal yield was 86.48%. When the coal−based fischer−tropsch synthetic oil JZC−1, LHC−1 and JCZC were mixed in a mass ratio of 1∶1∶1, the better flotation clean coal index could be obtained, at this time, the clean coal ash fraction was 8.96%, and the clean coal yield was 86.80%. Compared with traditional hydrocarbon oil, compound coal−based fischer−tropsch synthetic oil had longer carbon chain and some isoparaffins. By optimizing the length of alkane carbon chain and the number of branched chains in collector, its selectivity and collectivity were improved, so clean coal products with lower ash content and higher yield could be obtained under the same dosage.