Abstract: The research and development of novel high−efficiency lepidolite collector is of great strategic significance for the development of China's lithium industry. Taking single minerals (lepidolite, albite and quartz) as the research object, a novel type of anionic and cationic combined collector SDI−101 composed of organic amines and multi−functional carboxylic acid collectors was used. The effects of factors such as reagent mass ratio, dosage, pulp pH, and depressant dosage on the flotation behavior of the three single minerals were systematically investigated, and compared with traditional anionic and cationic combined collector (dodecylamine (DDA)+sodium oleate (NaOL)). The adsorption mode and mechanism of the novel combined collector on lepidolite surface were systematically studied by means of infrared spectroscopy, Zeta potential, contact angle, surface tension, foam performance test and other analysis methods. The experimental results showed that when the dosage of combined collector SDI−101 (the mass ratio of cationic collector to anionic collector 1:1) was 500 g/t, the recovery rate of lepidolite was more than 90%, which was higher than 40% of the traditional combined collector DDA+NaOL. The collection performance of lepidolite was stronger, with a feldspar recovery rate of only 12.5% and a quartz recovery rate of less than 2%, which was hardly floating. The mechanism research results showed that, compared with conventional combined collector, SDI−101 had good foam performance. The novel combined collector showed stronger synergistic effects by hydrophobic association co−adsorption on the lepidolite surface and reducing the electrostatic repulsion during adsorption, which could improve the adsorption quantity and stability of collector molecules on the lepidolite surface, and thus enhanced the collection performance of lepidolite.