Abstract: Microbial copper leaching technology has a broad application prospect in treating low-grade copper resources because of its advantages of safety, low cost and environmental friendliness. The latest research progress of microbiological copper leaching technology was described in detail from three aspects: leaching mechanism, strain selection and leaching process strengthening. The main influencing factors of industrial application of microbiological copper leaching technology were analyzed, and the future research prospects were analyzed, too.