Abstract: Bauxite is one of the strategic minerals in China, an important material basis for national economic construction, and plays a significant role in ensuring the security and stability of the supply chain of the industrial chain. The bauxite resource reserves, distribution, types and resource characteristics in China were overviewed. The ore material composition and ore characteristics of the main bauxite mining areas in China were compared, the applications and quality requirements of bauxite in different industries as well as the current status of bauxite beneficiation technology, and the comprehensive utilization technology of co-associated components and elements, tailings, red mud and refractory waste were introduced. Finally, the main problems associated with bauxite development and utilization were analyzed, and targeted suggestions were put forward.