Abstract: Coal is the basic energy of our country. The associated mineral resources in coal-bearing strata have many kinds and large reserves. It can be divided into metal minerals, non-metallic minerals and energy minerals. Deepening the comprehensive processing and utilization of associated mineral resources in coal-bearing strata is in line with the major needs of national energy resources processing and utilization. This paper expounded the occurrence, distribution characteristics, processing and utilization of metal (germanium, gallium, aluminum and rare earth elements), non-metallic (pyrite, kaolin, bentonite, refractory clay, diatomite, graphite) and energy minerals (uranium, oil shale, coal measure gas, natural gas hydrate) in coal-bearing strata, analyzed the opportunities and challenges faced by the comprehensive utilization of associated mineral resources in coal-bearing strata under the background of "Double-Carbon Policy" and looked forward to the development prospect of extending the coal-bearing strata industry chain, focusing on the development of key technologies, promoting the classification and connotation reform of associated mineral resources in coal-bearing strata, and improving the management scheme of mining rights. It provides a reference for the study of comprehensive utilization of coal measures associated mineral resources in the future.