Abstract: As a rare and non-renewable strategic non-metallic mineral resource, fluorite has been widely used in many fields such as national defense, chemical industry, metallurgy, optics. Fluorite resource reserves are abundant in China, but there are many lean ores with complex composition and low recovery. This study summarizes the reserves, distribution, metallogenic genesis and utilization of fluorite resources in China. Based on fluorite properties such as its crystal structure and the color-causing mechanism, the research progress of fluorite flotation technology was described in details. The key technical problems of fluorite separation, such as flotation separation of fluorite and calcite, low temperature flotation reagents, and the influence of ions in pulp, were discussed. Finally, some suggestions and solutions have been proposed with a view to providing new ideas and strategies for efficient development and utilization of fluorite resources in China.