Abstract: Chalcopyrite and molybdenite are two typical sulfide minerals, and their flotation separation has always been the focus of the industry. Sulfide minerals are easy to be oxidized, and the degree of mineral surface oxidation and the type of oxidation products have important influences on their flotation behavior. Chalcopyrite and molybdenite undergo oxidation pretreatment before flotation, which will produce different degrees of oxidation and different types of oxidation products. These reasons change the original properties of the mineral surface, so as to change the inherent flotation behavior of minerals and realize the flotation separation of chalcopyrite and molybdenite. This paper introduces the surface characteristics of chalcopyrite and molybdenite, analyzes their surface oxidation mechanism, and summarizes the research status of oxidative flotation separation of copper molybdenum sulfide minerals, in order to provide some reference for green and efficient flotation separation of copper-molybdenum sulfide minerals.