Abstract: Mineral processing wastewater is one of the main sources of mine environmental pollution. Most of the residual flotation reagents in the waste water are difficult to degradation of organic compounds which are usually have stronger biological toxicity and difficult to natural degradation. If discharged directly into the natural environment, it will cause serious pollution to environment and water body. After effective treatment, it can meet the wastewater discharge standard and can be reused in the process of mineral dressing. In this paper, the specific sources, characteristics and hazards of mineral processing wastewater were deeply analyzed. Several common wastewater treatment methods and their mechanisms in physical, chemical and biological treatment methods were reviewed, including physical adsorption method, filtration method, aerobic-anaerobic degradation, Fenton oxidation, advanced persulfate oxidation method and so on. The achievements and the deficiencies of refractory organic compounds treatment in ore dressing wastewater's are summarized. The future research and development direction of mineral processing wastewater treatment technology are prospected. The development and application of economic, efficient, green mineral processing wastewater treatment technology are the key to reduce mineral processing wastewater pollution to the environment. protect the environment and achieve low cost and effective treatment of mineral processing wastewater.