Abstract: Soil heavy metal pollution has been a global environmental problem. Therefore, remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil is of great significance to reduce the risk of heavy metal poisoning, maintain environmental health and restore ecology. Compared with other soil heavy metal pollution remediation technologies, phytoremediation has attracted wide attention due to its advantages of environmental friendliness, low cost and simple operation. This paper summarizes the main role of phytoremediation technology, and the mechanism and research status of synergistic phytoremediation by microbiological, chemical and physical methods are discussed. In addition, the future research directions of phytoremediation and combined remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil are prospected in order to provide reference for the wide application of this green technology.