Abstract: In order to solve the filtration problem of hematite concentrate efficiently and conveniently caused by residual chemical reagent, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, octaphenyl polyoxyethyiene-10, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate-10 and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide were selected for the laboratory vacuum filtration test. For a hematite concentrate in Brazil, the effects of sodium oleate dosage, filter aids dosage and mass concentration, pH and temperature of the pulp on filter cake resistance and filter cake moisture content were investigated with the collector of sodium oleate. The results showed that the filter cake resistance and moisture content of filter cake increased as the sodium oleate dosage increased. Under the conditions of optimum dosage, all the five filter aids could reduce the filter cake resistance and moisture content. And under the conditions of room temperature and natural pH, the cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide did best on reducing the filter cake resistance, and sodium dodecyl sulfate did best on reducing the moisture content of filter cake. The effects of pH and temperature on filter aids to reduce the resistance of filter cake was not efficient, but obviously on the moisture content.