Abstract: Cadmium contamination in agricultural soils caused by mining is one of the urgent environmental problems in China. Microbial remediation has shown good potential due to its environmental compatibility and low cost. This review summarizes the microbial mechanism of cadmium mobilization and immobilization. The effects of microbial-phytoremediation and the performances of microbial agents mixed with soil amendments on cadmium contamination remediation in recent years were reviewed, and the potential research directions were discussed.