Abstract: In order to improve the utilization level of coal gangue resources, non-burning bricks had been prepared in this work with coal gangue in Fushun area as main raw materials and cement, natural sand, fly ash and additives as supplementary materials based on the analysis of chemical composition and mineral composition of coal gangue. The differences in microstructure characteristics and physical properties of non-burning bricks were investigated under different preparation conditions, such as density, moisture content, compressive strength and flexural strength. After the orthogonal experiment, an optimized raw material ratio and process parameters were obtained: coal gangue of Dongshe yard 40%, natural sand 42%; coal gangue of Xishe yard 70%, natural sand 12%; coal gangue of Wangliangshe yard 40%, natural sand 32%. The rest same parameters were as follows: fly ash 5.14% cement 12.86%, superplasticizer 0.05%, water 10%, molding pressure 20 MPa, curing at room temperature for 28 days. The obtained coal gangue-based bricks were in compliance with the MU15 standard of JC/T 422—2007 "non-burning waste tail bricks", wherein the highest compressive strength was 52.70 MPa and flexural strength was 4.93 MPa, respectively.