Abstract: As the synthetic raw material of geopolymers, fly ash can not only make the solid waste be used as resources, but also give full play to the advantages of geopolymers in heavy metal ion adsorption, fire protection and heat preservation, corrosion resistance, low carbon emission and other fields, so as to realize the efficient utilization of resources. The research of fly ash based geopolymers and its application in recent years were summarized in this paper, and the current problems and future development trend were pointed out and prospected.