Abstract: The rapid gelation of the resorcinol-formaldehyde system was realized by the catalytic function and easy-decomposability of hydrated magnesium carbonate, and the monolithic porous carbon (MCM-Mg) with developed pores and large specific surface area was obtained by carbonization. The effects of raw material concentration, catalyst dosage, reaction temperature, reaction time, carbonization temperature and carbonization time on the properties of porous carbon were systematically studied. The results showed that the suitable preparation conditions were reaction temperature of 85℃, reaction time of 0.5 h, resorcinol mass of 3 g, catalyst dosage of 3 g, carbonization temperature of 900℃, carbonization time of 1.5 h. Under the optimum conditions, the porous carbon could be obtained with the density of 1.23 g/cm³, the porosity of 39.71%, the yield of 29.07%, the specific surface area of 193.475 m²/g, the average pore size of 22.696 nm, the compressive strength of 25.68 Mpa. The process has the advantages of short reaction time, low cost and environmental protection.