Abstract: China's cobalt consumption is highly dependent on overseas resources due to resource scarcity, which leads to a high risk in the supply of cobalt for China. In order to analyze the import safety status of China's cobalt resources comprehensively and objectively, a brief analysis of the import and export history and current status of cobalt products is carried out, and then a three-dimensional evaluation model consisting of import reliance, import concentration and geopolitical risks of importing countries is established, which is used to evaluate the import safety of China's cobalt resources quantitatively from 2001 to 2017. The results show that from 2001 to 2007, the import sources of cobalt and the share of imports were relatively dispersed; from 2008 to 2011, the domestic self-sufficiency of cobalt was high, resulting in the lowest dependence on foreign resources in history; from 2012 to 2017, all three indicators reached high peaks, indicating that the import security situation was not optimistic. Finally, some suggestions to alleviate the supply risk of overseas resources are discussed, such as optimizing the structures of import sources and import products, establishing a monitoring mechanism of import safety, strengthening domestic secondary supply and foreign exploration and investment.