Abstract: Gallium is a very scarce mineral resource in the world. It plays an irreplaceable important role in military industry, wireless communication, new energy industry and aerospace industry. With the advent of the 5G era, global competition for gallium resources has begun to emerge. The present situation and consumption trend of gallium resources in the world and China were systematically summarized. The research shows that China is a big country with large reserves of gallium resources and the largest exporter of crude Ga products in the world, but it has no international pricing right for gallium. China's gallium industry system is in the stage of gradual transition from low-end to high-end, and its next year. Demand will be less than 250 t. Therefore, it is urgent to reserve, develop and utilize gallium resources reasonably and promote industrial upgrading.