Abstract: With the continuous increase of tailings pile, tailings are becoming more and more harmful to human safety, soil and environment, so it is urgent to deal with tailings. Based on the present situation of comprehensive utilization of tailings in China, the paper proposed to deal with the tailings by alkali-activated geopolymerization. The feasibility of the solidification of tailings through alkali-excited geopolymerization was presented emphatically. Compared with the differences between alkaline-activated reaction and geopolymerization, the paper pointed out geopolymerization was not the subset of alkaline-activated reaction. Meanwhile, the techniques for characterizing the microstructure of alkali-activated geopolymer were summarized, and the development prospect of alkaline-activated geopolymerization was forecasted.