Abstract: It is of great significance to analyze the relationship between ecological carrying capacity of resource development zones and consistent industrial development. Based on the mechanism of resource development and ecology, the evolution process and composition of ecosystem in mineral resources exploitation region are analyzed. The composition structure of three subsystems including society, economy and nature is analyzed. From the aspects of social demand, economic production, environmental change and ecological balance, the mechanism of action of mineral resources development zone and ecosystem is analyzed. Then, the characteristic elements of the ecological carrying capacity of the resource development zones, the industrial competitiveness are analyzed, and 16 consistency factors based on resource destruction, geological disasters and environmental pollution is constructed. Finally we put forward the idea of the industry layout as follows:status survey and analysis; regional ecological and industrial integration analysis; to analysis the possibility of resources development zone ecological carrying capacity consistent with the industrial development; to compute resource, market, and environmental capacity constraints; to form industrial adjustment and optimization strategy.