Abstract: Weathering alteration may affect the performance of graphite. Based on field work and a systematic collection of graphite ore samples in weathered alteration bands, the chemical composition, mineral composition, structure, microscopic morphology, and mineral co-occurrence of weathered graphite ore in different layers have been systematically studied. The results show that the main chemical compositions of the samples include C, SiO₂, Al₂O₃, K₂O, Fe₂O₃, MgO, TiO₂ and so on. The gangue minerals in the graphite ore samples include quartz, mica (mainly biotite), pyrite, epidote, clinozoisite, limonite and so on.The more the clay mineral content of the ore in the surface layer is higher. Graphite is scaly and leaf-like embedded between gangue minerals. The diameter of graphite is generally 0.05~1.5 mm, and some large ones are 3~5 mm.As the degree of weathering deepens, the degree of graphitization (r) gradually decreases, and the content of 3R polymorphism (Rh) gradually increases. The results show that as the degree of weathering increases, the structural defects of graphite gradually increase and the order of structure decreases.