Abstract: The sintering desulfurization ash is waste material discharged during the production of steelmaking coking coal in coking plant. The desulfurization ash consists some unstable mineral compositions, such as f-CaO and CaSO₃, which makes it difficult to recycle. Due to the whole tailings filling method is used for mining in Anshan Steel Company, a new filling cementing material was developed with sintering desulfurization ash and water-quenched slag, which was activated by clinker and sulfate. Firstly, the orthogonal design was implemented. Then, the relationship between the cementitious filling body's strength and the content of activator was revealed by a neural network model based on the range analysis. Finally, the optimal proportion was obtained according to range analysis and prediction models. The results indicated that using whole tailings as filling material, the mass ratio of the cementing material to tailings was 1:6; the mass concentration of backfilling slurry was 70%; and the optimal proportions of clinker, sintering desulfurization ash, mirabilite and slag were 4%, 19%, 0.5% and 76.5%, respectively. Under these conditions, the highest strength of filling body attained 3.883 MPa after 28 days, which was 1.7 times that of cementing pack body but costed only 40%~45% of the cementing method.