Abstract: Taking a polymetallic mining area as the research object, thirteen evaluation indexes are put forward from four aspects of the mineral resources utilization, environmental impact, exploitation investment and economic benefits. Meanwhile, the efficiency evaluation system of exploitation and utilization of polymetallic mineral resources is established. The weight of each index is reasonably determined using the combination weight method, then the efficiency of exploitation and utilization of polymetallic mineral resource is further evaluated by the fuzzy mathematics method.The results show that the optimal efficiency of exploitation and utilization is KS1 followed by KS2 and KS3; the environment of mining area is terrible; the efficiency of exploitation and utilization of iron ore in mining area is higher than those of niobium minerals or other useful associated minerals; however, the effective measures provide favorable conditions for large-scale exploitation and utilization in future. The evaluation results reflect the real condition of mining area, which can provide a basis for the exploitation and protection of polymetallic mining area.