Abstract: The management system of mineral resources asset is an important content of ecological civilization system. With the development of market economy and the gradual improvement of resources asset management system, it plays an important role in promoting the intensive use of mineral resources assets, maintaining owner's rights and protecting ecological environment. Due to the mineral resources asset management system was developed from the traditional economic system after the reform and opening up, which experienced a difficult exploration process of theory and practice. Objectively, there are many problems, including:the system bears some imperfections or deficiencies; supervision force is not enough; the market allocation of resources is not sufficient; the rights and interests are not implemented. Correspondingly, the solution lies in system innovation, improving and reforming the resources asset management system, strengthening resources supervision and ecological services.