Abstract: The 2016 annual statistics of national development and utilization of mineral resources showed that the gross output value increased by 35 268 million Yuan although the total ore output decreased slightly. The structure of development and utilization of mineral resources was optimized gradually while the amount of national mines decreased 7.33% as well as the amount of large and medium scale mines increased by 0.35% and 0.32%. Gross industrial output per capita is 271.3 thousand Yuan in 2016 increased by 45.2 thousand Yuan compared to that of 2015. Strategic emerging industries demands grew rapidly, total ore output of three Rare metals increased by 16.79% and total ore output value increased by 1.27% as well. Now, the development and utilization of mineral resources presents in good development trend and is faced with new opportunities and challenges from mining right management system innovation and ecological civilization construction, which needs to accelerate resource integration, improve enterprise concentration, increase input of science and technology, reduce cost and raise the efficiency in resources utilization.